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2017考研英語閱讀理解下載 英語閱讀理解150篇(5)

  6. Mr. Westhusin thinks cloning is dangerous because_____ .

  [A] animals are tortured to death in the experiments

  [B]the public has expressed strong disapproval

  [C] too many lives are wasted for laboratory use

  [D] cloning becomes a quest only for profit

  7. What is the problem confronting the Missyplicity project?

  [A] The client holds a suspicious view toward it.

  [B] There is a lack of funds to support the research.

  [C] The owner is unwilling to disclose the information.

  [D] Cloning dogs is a difficult biological problem.

  8. Which of the following is true about animal cloning?

  [A]Few private cloning companies could afford it

  [B]Few people have realized its significance.

  [C] An exact copy of a cat or bull can be made.

  [D] It is becoming a prosperous industry.

  9. From the passage we can infer that _____.

  [A] Mr. Westhusin is going to clone a dog soon

  [B] scientists are pessimistic about human cloning

  [C] human reproductive system has not been understood

  [D] rich people are only interested in cloning animals

  10. Mr. Westhusin seems to believe that cloning______.

  [A] is stupid and should be abandoned [B] has been close to success

  [C] should be taken cautiously [D] is now in a dilemma

  核心詞匯

  confines n. limits or borders 范圍,界限;邊界 例: the confines of human knowledge 人類的知識(shí)范圍 / the confines of

  family life 家庭生活的范圍

  超綱詞匯

  aborted a. *① 流產(chǎn)的 ② 出問題的,出故障的 canine a. 犬的,犬科的

  cramped a. 狹窄的,擁擠的 例:working in cramped conditions 在擁擠的環(huán)境里工作

  embryo n. 胚胎

  fetus n. 胎,胎兒

  Missyplicity n.這是個(gè)臨時(shí)造的詞,是三個(gè)部分的合成:Missy 指文中提到的那條狗密斯,

  duplicate 意為“復(fù)制”, ity 為名詞后綴

  plop vi.&vt.(使)撲通一聲落下 例:Can you plop some ice in my drink? 能在我的飲料中放點(diǎn)冰塊嗎? 文中是比喻

  用法,指“投入資金”

  surrogate n.代理, 代理人,代用品 vt.使代理, 使代替;*surrogate mother 代理母體

  veterinary a.獸醫(yī)的 例:veterinary medicine/science獸醫(yī)學(xué)

  vexed a.*① 氣惱的,煩惱的 例:the vexed parents of an unruly teenager 因孩子難管教而氣惱的父母 ②(問題等)爭論不休的,難于解決的 例:vexed question/issue棘手的問題

  viably ad. ① 可實(shí)施地,切實(shí)可行地 *② 能存活地,能生長發(fā)育地

  長難句分析

  1. That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a

  13-year-old dog named Missy.

  該句主干是That's an interesting choice of adjective?,F(xiàn)在分詞短語coming from... 做后置定語,修飾前面的名詞choice,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句(which is)coming from... ;在分詞短語中,定語從句 who... 也做后置定語,修飾先行詞 a man。

  2. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.

  該句主干是 He knows that... 。 that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句,且從句位于主句之前,主句是 the offspring will face the problems... ;從句是讓步狀語從句:even if he gets a dog viably pregnant;should they survive 是個(gè)省略了if的條件狀語從句,為插入語,修飾主句。另外,主句的賓語 the problems后接有過去分詞短語 shown... 做后置定語,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定義從句(that)are shown... ;冒號(hào)后的名詞短語做 the problems的同位語。

  語篇分析

  本文題材涉及生物技術(shù)。作者從克隆動(dòng)物這個(gè)角度間接論證克隆人的不可行性,主張應(yīng)該慎重對(duì)待克隆人研究。它是一篇觀點(diǎn)論證型文章,按照“提出觀點(diǎn)—論證觀點(diǎn)—重申觀點(diǎn)”的脈絡(luò)展開論述,可分成三部分。

  第一段為第一部分,提出觀點(diǎn):克隆人是不可行的。

  引用專家 Mark Westhusin和一位試圖克隆其愛犬的富人的話(never met a human worth cloning,a stupid endeavor)

  表達(dá)作者的觀點(diǎn)。接著介紹 Mark Westhusin所進(jìn)行的克隆動(dòng)物的實(shí)驗(yàn)(two calves,a cat and a dog),并特別指出對(duì)狗的克隆最具難度(one of the mysteries of modern science)。

  第二、三段為第二部分,論證觀點(diǎn)。

  第二段:指出 Mark Westhusin克隆動(dòng)物的經(jīng)驗(yàn)使他極力反對(duì)克隆人(vexed by talking of human cloning)。首句是段落主題句。段中詳細(xì)介紹了一個(gè)克隆狗的項(xiàng)目(the Missyplicity project)中出現(xiàn)的狀況:①從成百上千的卵中只獲得一打左右基因匹配的胚胎;②轉(zhuǎn)移到母體時(shí)沒有一個(gè)胚胎存活下來。從這些細(xì)節(jié)中可以推出,克隆是低效而且危險(xiǎn)的。

  這在末句“Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous”得到了證實(shí)。該段最后還給出了 Mark Westhusin的觀點(diǎn):動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中的浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象在人的研究中不能被接受。因此,該段將 Mark Westhusin反對(duì)克隆人的態(tài)度表露無疑。

  第三段:分析指出,(雖然克隆是危險(xiǎn)的)克隆狗仍然存在巨大的商機(jī)(a commercial opportunity)。首句是段落主題句,其中even so是轉(zhuǎn)折標(biāo)志詞,表明該段與上一段在含義上存在轉(zhuǎn)折。該段描述了“商機(jī)”的具體表現(xiàn):電話頻頻響起(ringing busily)。接著分析存在商機(jī)的原因:①以Missy 的主人為例指出,人們不惜花費(fèi)巨資(cost is no obstacle; plopped down $3.7 billion);②同樣以 Missy 的主人為例指出,客戶與研究者能夠達(dá)成共識(shí)(both looking forward to tudying the ways)。

  第四段為第三部分,重申觀點(diǎn):在克隆動(dòng)物還遠(yuǎn)沒有成功的情況下,克隆人是不可行的。

  首先說明克隆狗存在的問題(face the problems shown at birth),然后引用專家 Mark Westhusin的話否認(rèn)目前存在克隆人的可行性(not close to getting worked out in animals yet, why want to clone humans)。

  文章總體特點(diǎn):①開始和結(jié)尾都擺出了明確的觀點(diǎn),形成首尾呼應(yīng)。②作者在文章中沒有直接發(fā)表評(píng)論,而是借他人之語表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和評(píng)價(jià)。③雖然作者的最終目的是反對(duì)克隆人,但卻通過論證動(dòng)物克隆技術(shù)的不成熟間接論證克隆人的不可行性。

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