主頁 > 教育培訓(xùn) > 高等教育 > 高中定語從句講解及試題練習(xí)

高中定語從句講解及試題練習(xí)

  定于從句是高中重點(diǎn)知識,也是高考常考點(diǎn),大家也不容易掌握,這篇文章主要教你關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 限制性和非限制性定語從句等內(nèi)容,有例題講解

  定語從句在句中做定語,修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。

  關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

  關(guān)系副詞有:when, where, why等。

  18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中作主語和賓語。例如:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)

  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)

  2) whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換)。例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

  3)which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如:

  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

  農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)

  The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)

  18.2 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。

  1)關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于\"介詞+ which\"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和\"介詞+ which\"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如:

  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。

  Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?

  2)that代替關(guān)系副詞,可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略。例如:

  His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

  他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。

  18.3 判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

  方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:

  This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。

  I\'ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與你共事的日子。

  判斷改錯(cuò):

  (錯(cuò)) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

  (錯(cuò)) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

  (對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

  (對) I\'ll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

  習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

  方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。

  例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

  A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

  例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

  A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

  答案:例1 D,例2 A

免責(zé)聲明:該文觀點(diǎn)僅代表作者本人,查查吧平臺系信息發(fā)布平臺,僅提供信息存儲空間服務(wù),不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。圖片涉及侵權(quán)行為,請發(fā)送郵件至85868317@qq.com舉報(bào),一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除。返回查查吧首頁,查看更多>>
提示

該文觀點(diǎn)僅代表作者本人,查查吧平臺系信息發(fā)布平臺,僅提供信息存儲空間服務(wù),不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。圖片涉及侵權(quán)行為,請發(fā)送郵件至85868317@qq.com舉報(bào),一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除。

優(yōu)惠商城

更多