國(guó)慶節(jié)的由來(lái)和習(xí)俗 中國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)和英語(yǔ)習(xí)俗

　　國(guó)慶節(jié)的由來(lái)和習(xí)俗

　　國(guó)慶日是由一個(gè)國(guó)家制定的用來(lái)紀(jì)念國(guó)家本身的法定假日。它們通常是這個(gè)國(guó)家的獨(dú)立、憲法的簽署、或其他有重大意義的周年紀(jì)念日;也有些是這個(gè)國(guó)家守護(hù)神的圣人節(jié)。雖然絕大部分國(guó)家都有類(lèi)似的紀(jì)念日，但是由于復(fù)雜的政治關(guān)系，部分國(guó)家的這一節(jié)日不能稱(chēng)為國(guó)慶日，比如美國(guó)只有獨(dú)立日，而沒(méi)有國(guó)慶日，但是兩者意義相似，所以這里放在一起介紹。

　　“國(guó)慶”一詞，本指國(guó)家喜慶之事，最早見(jiàn)于西晉。西晉的文學(xué)家陸機(jī)在《五等諸侯論》一文中就曾有“國(guó)慶獨(dú)饗其利，主憂莫與其害”的記載、中國(guó)封建時(shí)代、國(guó)家喜慶的大事，莫大過(guò)于帝王的登基、誕辰(清朝稱(chēng)皇帝的生日為萬(wàn)歲節(jié))等。因而中國(guó)古代把皇帝即位、誕辰稱(chēng)為“國(guó)慶”。今天稱(chēng)國(guó)家建立的紀(jì)念日為國(guó)慶。

　　1949年10月2日，中央人民政府通過(guò)《關(guān)于中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)慶日的決議》，規(guī)定每年10月1日為國(guó)慶日，并以這一天作為宣告中華人民共和國(guó)成立的日子。從此，每年的10月1日就成為全國(guó)各族人民隆重歡慶的節(jié)日。

　　國(guó)慶節(jié)的由來(lái)和習(xí)俗 中國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)和英語(yǔ)習(xí)俗

　　中國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)和英語(yǔ)習(xí)俗

　　美國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)的正規(guī)叫法是“ 獨(dú)立紀(jì)念日”,它是美國(guó)的主要法定節(jié)日之一,日期為每年7月4日,以紀(jì)念1776年7月4日大陸會(huì)議在費(fèi)城正式通過(guò)《獨(dú)立宣言》。它標(biāo)志著英國(guó)在北美的殖民地和英國(guó)正式分家,走向獨(dú)立建國(guó)的道路

　　美國(guó)國(guó)慶節(jié)布什發(fā)表廣播講話

　　Amercian President's Radio Address for 2005 Independence Day

　　THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Laura and I wish all Americans a happy Fourth of July weekend. I look forward to celebrating Independence Day with the people of Morgantown, West Virginia.

　　On the Fourth of July, we remember the vision and conviction of America's Founders. We remember the ideals of liberty that led men from 13 colonies to gather in Philadelphia and pen a declaration of self-evident truths. And we remember the extraordinary personal courage that made their efforts a success. Doctor Benjamin Rush said that signing the Declaration of Independence was "like signing your own death warrant." He signed it anyway -- right above his fellow Pennsylvania delegate, Benjamin Franklin.

　　On Independence Day, we are also mindful that the promises of the Declaration have been secured by the service and sacrifice of every generation. America's first defenders were mostly farmers, artisans, and shopkeepers who waged a desperate fight for independence. Our Union was preserved through the costly battles of the Civil War -- including one at Vicksburg that ended on Independence Day, 1863. And we live in freedom because Americans prevailed in the hard-fought struggles of the 20th century, from the Marne and Normandy to Iwo Jima and Inchon Bay. America is home to 25 million military veterans -- and we will always be grateful for their unselfish courage.

　　Today, a new generation of Americans is defending our freedom against determined enemies. At posts in Afghanistan, Iraq, and around the world, our men and women in uniform are taking the fight to the terrorists overseas, so that we do not have to face the terrorists here at home. And by freeing millions from oppression, our Armed Forces are redeeming a universal principle of the Declaration that all are created equal, and all are meant to be free. Those who serve today are taking their rightful place among the greatest generations that have worn our nation's uniform.

　　The burden of war falls especially hard on military families, and I thank them for the support they give our troops in their vital work. Some of America's finest men and women have given their lives in the war on terror, and we remember them on Independence Day. We pray for the families who have lost a loved one in freedom's cause. And we know that the best way to honor the lives that have been given in this struggle is to complete the mission, so we will stay in the fight until the fight is won.

　　In this time of testing, all our troops and their families can know that the American people are behind them. On this Fourth of July weekend, I ask every American to find a way to thank men and women defending our freedom -- by flying the flag, sending letters to our troops in the field, and helping the military family down the street. The Department of Defense has set up a website - AmericaSupportsYou.mil. You can go there to learn about private efforts in your own community. At this time when we celebrate our freedom, we will stand with the men and women who defend us all.

　　In the summer of 1776, John Adams called the American Revolution "the most complete, unexpected, and remarkable of any in the history of nations." And 229 years later, history has proved him right. The Fourth of July is a day to be proud of our heritage as freedom's home and defender. It is a day to be confident in the future, because the spirit of our founders still shapes the conscience of our country. Above all, it is a day to give thanks to God for His many blessings on America, and for the privilege to call ourselves citizens of this special land.

　　I hope all Americans enjoy a memorable and safe Independence Day celebration. Thank you for listening.